Nomi dialettali delle piante

Nomi dialettali delle piante -  Alberi. arbusti, erbe

Alberi del bosco spontaneo

vùoscu                (bosco),                                                                           
carcapàdda          (sambuco), sambucus nigra                                         
càrpanu               (carpino), carpinus retulus                                            
chjùppu               (pioppo), populus tremula                                                
cìerru                  (cerro), quercus cerri                                                  
cipréssu              (cipresso), cupressus semperviridens                                  
féagu o fòagu       (faggio), fagus sylvatica                                                
fràssu                 (fràssino), fraxinus excelsior  
ìlici o ghìlici           (leccio, elce), quercus ilex                                          
làvuru                  (lauro), laurus nobilis                                                 
majàtica o sàvucu  (sambuco), sambucus nigra                                           
milégu                  (frassino), fraxinus excelsior       
pìnu                     (pino), pinus pinea                                                     
sàlici                  (salice), salix alba                                     
salicòni                 (varietà di salice), salix fragilis                                         
sijìja                     (acero), acer platanoides                                    
spinacàggia           (acacia), acacia dealbata                                           
sùrivu                   (sugheraia, albero del sughero), quercus suber                 
tìglju                    (tiglio), tilia platyphyllos                                                 
ùrmu o gùrmu         (ailanto, albero del paradiso), ailanthus altissima               
ùrmu o gùrmu       (olmo, albero del bosco), ulmus montana
vérna                   (ontano), alnus glutinosa                                       
viscìglja                (querciola), quercus robur

Alberi da frutto selvatici: 

castàgnu              (castagno), castanea sativa                                                
- castagna            (castagna),                                                                     
- pistìddu              (castagna secca e pelata),                                                                                                            cérsa                   (quercia), quercus robur                                                  - gliànna           (ghianda)                                                                           
citràngulu              (cetrangolo, arancio amaro), citrus vulgaris o amara   
ficanijéanu             (fico d’India), opunzia ficus indica               
garrùbba                (carrubo), ceratonia siliqua                                        
gljàstru                 (olivastro), olea europea oleaster                                     
nùci                      (noce), iuglans regia                                                 
nucìdda                 (nocciolo), corylus avellana                        
pràniju                   (pero selvatico), pyrus pyraster                                     
puma sarivàggia       (melo selvatico), malus silvestris                                   
sùrivu                    (sorbo), sorbus domestica                                           
sùrivu pilùsu            (corbezzola), arbutus unedo                         
visciùolu                 (ciliegio visciolo, amarena), prunus cerasus

Alberi da frutto coltivati: 

àcina                     (uva), vitis vinifera                                                          
-
 marvasìja             (malvasia, varietà di vitigno),                                             
-
sanginédda           (varietà di uva, di vitigno),                                               
-
 vìgna                   (vigna),                                                                         
-
vignìtu                 (vigneto),                                                                      
-
vitarédda              (piccola vite),                                                  
alìvu                      (ulivo), olea europea                                 
cachìnu                  (cachi), diospyros kaki                             
cìevuzu                  (gelso), morus alba, nigra                         
ciréasu                   (ciliegio), prunus avium                                                     
-
 ciréasu favurìtu                                                                                        
-
 ciréasu janghéali,                                                                                  
cìtru                      (cedro), citrus medica                                              
fichéara                  (pianta di fico), ficus carica                                           
- cuzzùmmaru           (frutto dolce di fico settembrino)     
- ficazzéanu             (fiore di fico, primo fico di giugno)                                     
- ficu                     (fico);                                                                           
-
ficusìccu               (ficosecco),                                                                  
-
aguttòata             (varietà di pianta di fico),                                                 
-
aguttòatu             (varietà di frutto di fico),                                                 
-
castaddòmmita      (varietà di pianta di fico),                                                 
-
castaddòmmitu      (varietà di frutto di fico),                                                 
-
garbanisi               (varietà di pianta e di frutto di fico),                                  
-
gattaròla               (varietà di pianta di fico),                                                
-
gattarùolu             (varietà di frutto di fico),                                                 
-
gulùmmara             (varietà di pianta di fico),                                                
-
gulùmmaru             (varietà di frutto di fico),                                                
-
paravìsa                (varietà di pianta di fico),                                                
-
paravìsu                (varietà di frutto di fico),                                                
-
pascarédda            (varietà di pianta di fico),                                                
-
pascarìeddu           (varietà di frutto di fico),                                                 
-
sandamarìa            (varietà di pianta e di frutto di fico),                                  
-
sc’cavunìsca          (varietà di pianta di fico),                                                
-
sc’cavunìscu          (varietà di frutto di fico),                                                 
-
trujòaca                (varietà di pianta di fico),                                                
-
trujòacu                (varietà di frutto di fico),                                                
-
uttòata o guttòata (pianta di fico adottato),                                                 
-
uttòatu o guttòatu (fico adottato frutto),                                                     
-
zivulédda              (varietà di pianta di fico),                                                
-
zivulìeddu              (varietà di frutto di fico),                                       
granéata                (melagrano/melagrana), punica granatum                            
limùni                     (limone), citrus limonum o limonia                            
mandarìnu               (mandarino), citrus nobilis                                        
ménnula                 (mandorlo/a), prunus dulcis                                      
nnésbulu                 (nespolo/nespola), eriobotrya japonica                   
nucipìersicu             (nocepesco/nocepesca), prunus persica levis               
pìersicu                  (pesco/pesca), persica malus                                          
pìra                       (pero/pera), pirus communis                                              
-
 pìra agustàrica,                                                                                        
-
 pìra coscia,                                                                                              
-
 pìra julòana,                                                                                             
-
pìra di lu mòru,                                                                                         
-
 pìra rutunnédda,                                                                                       
-
pìra spatùna,                                                                                           
-
pìra S.Giuvànni,                                                                                        
-
 pìra S.Paschéali,                                                                                       
-
pìra virnìna,                                                                                             
-
pìra zuccarìgna,                                                                                
pircùocu                 (pesco/pesca dura), prunus persica                          
pirtugàllu o purtugàllu (arancio/arancia), citrus sinensis                                 
prùnu                     (prugno/prugna), prunus domestica                                    
-
 prùnu frati,                                                                                              
-
 prùnu S.Giuvànni,                                                                                 
pùma                     (melo/a), malus communis                                                 
-
 pùma lainéara,       (melo lainese),                                                               
-
catalùognu           (melo cotogno), cydonia vulgaris                                  
ssciùsscélla             (carrubo), ceratonia siliqua                                  
susìnu                    (susino), prunus domestica                                     
vìgna                     (vite, vigna), vitis vinifera                                      
virnicòccu               (albicocco/a), prunus armeniaca

Alberi esotici: 

calìpsu                   (eucalipto), eucalyptus globulus                            
cracaciéaru             (albero esotico),                                        
lòja                        (agave), agave americana                                        
mòganu                  (mogano), swietenia mahagoni                                     
pàrma                    (palma), Phoenix dactylifera

Arbusti del bosco: 

agrifùogliu               (agrifoglio), ilex aquifolium                          
agròmmitu               (corbezzolo), arbutus unedo                                   
azzarùolu                (lazzeruolo), crataegus azarolus                        
carcapàdda             (sambuco), sambucus nigra                     
cievuzuspìna           (rovo di more), rubus fruticus                                   
citratélla                 (cedronella), lippia citriodora                              
citronèlla                (cedrina), lippia citriodora                        
gìssu                      (edera), hedera helix                              
majàtica                 (sambuco), sambucus nigra                                       
mmìscu                   (vischio), viscum album                              
pitarròni                 (biancospino, prugnolo), crataegus oxyacantha                  
ròsa canìna             (rosa canina), rosa canina                                             
spìni                      (rovi), rubus fruticosus                                                     
-
 cìevuzi di spìni      (more),                                                                          
sùrivu pilùsu            (corbezzolo), arbutus unedo                                
tirachéani               (salsapariglia), smilax aspera                     
visciònga                (vischio), viscum album

Arbusti della macchia mediterranea: 

cìerru                     (cerro), quercus cerri                                             
jèlicu                     (erica), erica erbacea                                                
jinìparu o junìparu     (ginepro), juniperus communis                                    
lindìscu                   (lentisco), pistacia lentiscus                                   
mirijùoculu              (mirtillo, giaggiolo), vaccinium myrtillus                       
murtìdda                 (mortella), mirtus communis                                      
pitarròni                 (biancospino), crataegus oxyacantha                      
rosamarìna              (rosmarino), rosmarinus officinalis                   
rusèdda                  (erica), erica erbacea                                              
saggìna                  (saggina), sorghum vulgare                                        
spàrtu                    (ginestra), spartum jungeum

Erbe selvatiche: 

ériva o ghériva         (erba),                                                   
caccialèparu            (erba del pastore), caspella bursa pastoris
carnicunìgliu            (valeriana), valeriana officialis                                       
chjùovi di cristu       (sorta di erba),                                                   
cipuddàzza              (cipollaselvatica), urginea maritima                   
cipuddìna                 (lampascione)            
                             
cùccu                    (gigaro, aro, pan di serpe), arum italicum
èriva di lu mondi       (erba risetta), sedum reflexum                              
erivaspìca               (orzo selvatico ?),                                                        
fìlici                       (felce), pteridium aquilinum                                      
inùcchju                (finocchio), foeniculum vulgare                                    
fràvula                   (fragola), fragaria vesca                                
fréaca                    (saracchio, ampelodesmo), ampelodesmos tenax            
fùngiu                    (fungo),                                                            
gramuddìna             (vitalba), clematis vitalba                                      
jàmula                   (vitalba tossica)                                                   
lattucèddi               (lattaiolo, specie di fungo), urospernum dalechampii 
lavaméanu              (saponaria), saponaria officialis                      
lucìja                     (calcatreppola), centaurea officialis                            
mingiàrra o vingiàrra (vitalba), clematis vitalba                         
mircurèdda              (mercorella), mercurialis annua                           
murivuddìna            (portulacea), montia sibirica                                
ndràmmisi               (tenebindo), pistacia tenebinthus                    
nìepita                   (nepitella), satureia calamintha                 
pannazzéara            (musco),                                                         
pummadòra sarivàggia (erba morella), brunella vulgaris                 
ricchiàjini                (erba per i maiali),                                  
sammucòara            (ebbio), sambucus ebulus                        
sàngianu                 (sanguinella), cornus sanguinea                    
sbrègliara                (crescione), nasturtium officinale                       
spagaròngiula          (pianta di asparago selvatico), asparagus officinalis            
spràniju masculìnu    (cicoria selvatica),                                  
sucamèli                 (caprifoglio), lonicera caprifolium                       
tirachéani               (salsapariglia, edera spinosa), smilax aspera              
turnisìeddu              (specie di erba),                                    
vatticrìstu               (specie di cardo a linfa rossastra)                 vignarédda              (sanguinella),                                                                
vrùomu                   (avena selvatica), avena sterilis                
zìtu                       (orzo sorcino), ordeum murinum

Erbe infestanti: 

cacaràngiula            (erba infestante dei campi),                                     
cardòni, càrdu         (cardo), silybum marianum
cicùta                    (cicuta), conium maculatum                     
currijùolu                (vilucchione), convolvulus arvensis                     
falascìna                 (specie di gramigna),                                             
gramìgna                (gramigna), cynodon dactylon                                     
lurdìca                    (ortica), urtica dioica                                             
malériva                 (erba infestante),                                                    
mindòsa                  (parietaria o muraiola), parietaria officinalis                      
néga                      (specie di erba),                                                       
nìepita                   (nepeta), satureia calamintha                                  
paparìna                 (papavero), papaver rhoeas                                           
pìzu                       (muschio),                                                
sciùogliu                 (loglio), lolium temulentum                                
sìlicu                      (specie di graminacea), andropogon hirtus ?                   
vìzza                      (seme di veccia), vicia sativa                                       
vìzza taviddània       (specie di veccia)                                                     
vizzùni                   (pianta di veccia), vicia sativa                                      
vrìtta                     (bledone, erba spontanea mangereccia),                        
zìparu                    (erba infestante dell’orto), juncus articulatus

Erbe e piante acquatiche: 

cànna                    (canna), arundo donax                            
cannizzòla               (canna piena), erianthus Ravennae                 
capidduvèneri          (capelvenere), adiantum capillus veneris                  
crisciùni                 (crescione), nasturium officinale                      
jùngiu                    (giunco), scirpus lacuster                                              
vùda                      (tifa, buda, erba sala),                                               
zìparu                    (giunco), juncus articulatus

Erbe di campo: 

agrifùogliu               (agrifoglio), ilex aquifolium                        
agrìsi                     (verga d’oro), solidago virgaurea                                  
bijàma                    (biada),                                                       
capumìlla                (camomilla), matricaria camomilla                              
capumìlla sarivàggia  (camomilla romana), artemis nobilis                                 
fìenu                      (fieno),                                                                  
ghériva mérica         (erba medica), medicago sativa                         
sùdda                    (sulla), hedysarum coronarium                                    trifùogliu cavaddinu  (trifoglio), trifolium incarnatum

Erbe spontanee mangerecce: 

cicòrija                   (cicoria), cicoria chorium intybus                             
cipuddìna                (cipollina selvatica, lampascione), muscari camosum
gramuddìna             (vitalba), clematis vitalba                               
jàmula                    (vitalba), clematis vitalba                                               
purcàcchja              (porcellana), portulaca oleracea                                  
pùorru                    (porro), allium ampeloprasum                                     
spàgaru                  (asparago), asparagus officinalis                               
vingiàrra                 (vitalba), clematis vitalba                              
vrìtta                     (bledone),                                                
vurràjina                 (borragine), borago officinalis

Erbe aromatiche: 

arìganu, arìghina      (origano), origanum vulgare                                            
àccia o gàccia         (sedano), appium graveolens                                  
càmbura                 (cespuglietto profumato, canfora?),                        
majuròana               (maggiorana), origanum majorana                             
malivaròsa o marivaròsa (malvarosa), althaea rosea                                       
màriva                    (malva), maòva silvestris                                             
ménda                    (menta), menta silvestris                                            
pitrusìnu                 (prezzemolo), petroselinum ortense                                     
rìganu                    (origano), origanum volgare                                              
rùta                       (ruta), ruta graveolens                                            
vasilicòliju               (basilico), ocimum basilicum

Ortaggi: 

àgliu                      (aglio), allium sativum                                            
cacciòffulu              (carciofo), cynara scotymus                        
cangarìeddu            (peperoncino), capsicum fastigiatum                        
càvulu                    (cavolo), brassica oleracea                           
chiapparìeddi           (capperi), capparis spinosa                            
cìciaru                    (cece), cicer arietinum                                             
cipùdda                  (cipolla), allium cepa                 
citrùlu                    (cetriolo), cucumis sativus                        
cucùzza                 (zucca), cucurbita pepo                                              
fasùlu                    (fagiolo), phaseolus vulgaris
fasùlu cu dd'ùocchju (fagiolo con l'occhio), presente nell'area mediterranea fin dall'antichità                                      
favàzza                  (baccello di fava, fava tenera), vicia faba                    
favétta                  (favetta), vicia faba minor                                        
favùdda                  (favetta), vicia faba minor                                        
favùzza                  (favetta), vicia faba minor                                           
féava                     (fava), vicia faba                                        
jéta                       (bietola), beta vulgaris 
lattùca                   (lattuga), lactuca ... (90 varietà)
lindìcchja                (lenticchia), lens esculenta                                
luppìnu                   (lupino), humulus lupulus                                      
mulingéana              (melanzana), solanum melongena                               
patéana                   (patata), solanum tuberosum                                      
pisìddu                   (pisello), pisum sativum                                        
pummadòra             (pomodoro), solanum lycopersicum                          
rafanìeddu              (ravanello), raphanus raphanistrum sativus               
scalòngia o sc’calòngia (scalogno), allium ascalonicum                               
sc’caròla                 (indivia, scarola), cichorium endivia                                 
vèrza                     (verza), brassica oleracea
vrùocculu
              (broccolo),                         
zafaréana               (peperone), capsicum annuum

Cereali: 

granijéanu               (granturco), zea mays                                              
gròanu                   (grano), triticum sativum                                                 
jurmòanu                (orzo)                                                                           
mìglju                     (miglio), panicum miliaceum                                             
rìsu                        (riso), oryza sativa                                                  
saracìnu                 (grano saraceno),                                                       
ùoriju o gùoriju         (orzo), hordeum vulgare                                               
véna                      (avena), avena sativa

Fiori: 

garòfalu                 (garofano), dianthus caryophyllus                                
garòfalu di s.Andòniu (garofanino), dianthus silvestris                                      
gìglju                     (giglio), lilium candidum                                           
màmmula                (mammola), viola odorata                                              
ròsa                       (rosa), rosa rosa                                         
scìssciuli                 (nome generico di vari fiori selvatici impiegati per decorare le strade nelle feste),                                
spatédda                (gladiolo), gladiolus sagetum                                           
urténzia                  (ortensia), hydrangea opuloides hortensia       
vijòla                     (violacciocca), matthiola incana

Parti della pianta: 

fiùri                       (fiore),                                                                    
frùnna                    (foglia),                                                                    
jìettu                     (getto, germoglio, pollone),                                          
jittùni                     (ramo giovane, pollone),                                          
magljùolu                (pollone, rametto giovane),                                     
nzìetu                     (innesto)                                                                   
ràrica                     (radice),                                                                 
siméndi                   (seme),                                                                   
trùngu, trungòni       (tronco),                                                                
vrànga                   (ramo),                                                            
vranghicédda           (rametto),                                                                
zìgnu                     (nodo),

Verbi relativi alle piante

 

arrarichéa'        (radicare, mettere le radici)                                   
chiandéa'         (piantare)                                                              
jittéa'              (germogliare, cacciare polloni)                                              
jittéa' da vasciu (mettere polloni dalle radici)                                 
jurìsci              (fiorire)                                                         
mbrunnòa'        (mettere le foglie)                                                

nzimindìsci        (fare il seme)                                                               
nzitéa'             (innestare) 
 

 

                                        collaboratori:

                                        Giuseppe Limongi

                                        Nicola Palladino 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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